Sept. 16, 2025

Matrix Planting: Embracing The Wild Side of Garden Design

German city planners created the concept of matrix design when they sought to plant large park areas following World War II. The goal was to create something that could be reproduced and would need minimal maintenance. In a matrix design, plants with similar needs are grouped so that they intermingle above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Once established, matrix gardens also require less fertilizer and maintenance. 

“Matrix gardening is not just about filling space, it is about creating balance, beauty and resilience,” said Lindsay Nerad, Water Efficiency Specialist for Northern Water. “By weaving together layers of plants that support and complement each other, you are reducing maintenance and conserving water while building a living tapestry that thrives season after season.”

Whether starting small with a corner bed or redesigning an entire landscape, Nerad said that embracing this approach invites nature to do the heavy lifting while you enjoy the rewards. In time, a matrix garden becomes a sustainable ecosystem.    

In a matrix design, grasses or sedges are the predominant species that cover at least 50 percent of the garden area. The other half is usually covered by a variety of perennials. Planning for 100 percent plant coverage shades out weeds and reduces water evaporation.  

Nerad recommends choosing native perennials that will provide year-round color and interesting structural elements. 

“Both short and tall grasses like prairie dropseed and little bluestem are great options,” she said. “If the site is shady, it is a good idea to use sedges or other shade tolerant ground covers. Include plants with a variety of heights, shapes and blooming seasons.” 

She emphasized that with any landscape change, it is important to evaluate existing site conditions before planting, including noting soil and light conditions and any wet or dry spots in the current landscape.    

Nerad also suggests using smaller plant sizes such as 2.5-inch pots or plugs and considering the amount of plants needed to fill a large space. Creating a matrix garden on a budget can be accomplished by using grass seed for the matrix base. “This method may take an extra season to reach the same level of growth as pots, but the end result will be equally impressive,” said Nerad.  

To learn more about matrix garden design visit one of the many garden demonstrations in Northern Water’s Conservation Gardens or sign up for a garden tour. Additionally, explore these resources from Plant Wild, Monarch Gardens and Horticulture Magazine.